A person who goes to a city for work but does not take their family there—should they perform their prayers as a…

The place where a person is born and raised, or where they work, earn their living, settle with their spouse and children, and intend to stay permanently is called "watan-i asli" (original homeland). The watan-i asli only changes if a person adopts another place as their new watan-i asli. If someone migrates to another place and settles there by moving their spouse and children, that place becomes their new watan-i asli. The previous homeland ceases to be their watan-i asli. If they later visit their former homeland as a guest (for less than 15 days), they perform the four-unit obligatory prayers as two units. Indeed, when the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and his companions left Mecca and settled in Medina, they performed the four-unit obligatory prayers as two units when they visited Mecca (Bukhari, Taqsir al-Salat, 1 [1081]; Muslim, Salat al-Musafirin, 15 [693]). Places where a person is born, gets married, or decides to settle without intending to leave, as well as places where they stay for a long time due to temporary reasons such as studying, working, or military service, or where they intend to stay for at least fifteen days or more during travel, are considered "watan-i iqama" (place of residence). In the watan-i iqama, prayers are performed as a resident (muqim). According to the Hanafi school, if the stay is less than 15 days and the place is not their own property or a rented residence, prayers are shortened (see Haddad, al-Jawhara, 1/87; Ibn Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar, 2/131-132; Bilmen, Ilmihal, 163).

Source: T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu