Are the obligations of prayer and fasting lifted from a person in a vegetative state?

If a person loses consciousness for more than one day, the obligation to perform prayers during that period is lifted. Therefore, someone who enters a vegetative state and never recovers is not held responsible for the prayers missed during that time. If the loss of consciousness lasts less than a day, the missed prayers must be made up upon regaining consciousness (Semerkândî, Tuhfe, 1/192).

For the obligation of fasting to be lifted, the loss of consciousness must last for a full month. If the unconsciousness is less than a month, the missed fasts must be made up (Semerkândî, Tuhfe, 1/350). However, if a person in a vegetative state passes away before a month has elapsed, there is no obligation to make up the missed fasts, and therefore, no fidya (compensatory payment) is required for them.

Source: T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu