It is not permissible for a woman to lead men in prayer according to all schools of Islamic law. (Ibn Qudamah, al-Mughni, 2/146; Ibn Abidin, Radd al-Muhtar, 1/576; Jaziri, al-Madhahib al-Arba‘a, 1/372) The permission that the Prophet (peace be upon him) gave to Umm Waraqah to lead the prayer for her household (Abu Dawud, Salat, 62 [591]; Bayhaqi, al-Sunan al-Kubra, 1/597 [1909]) has been considered a special case specific to her. According to some other interpretations, this permission meant that she could lead the women in her household or neighborhood in prayer. The Prophet’s (peace be upon him) statement, “Beware! No woman should lead a man in prayer.” (Ibn Majah, Iqamat al-Salawat, 78 [1081]; Bayhaqi, al-Sunan al-Kubra, 3/128 [5131]) also indicates this. Indeed, throughout Islamic history, including the time of the Prophet, there has been no other example of this. To consider it permissible would be to introduce something new into the religion, which is called bid‘ah (innovation). The Prophet (peace be upon him) stated that every innovation is misguidance. (Muslim, Jumu‘ah, 43 [867]; Abu Dawud, Sunnah, 6 [4606])
Source: T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu
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