Platelets are cells found in the blood that help stop bleeding by enabling blood clotting. They are also commonly known as "white blood" among the public. Platelets can be obtained in two ways:
a) By the standard blood donation method: In this method, since it involves regular blood donation, wudu is broken.
b) By apheresis device: In this method, blood is drawn from one arm of the volunteer using an apheresis device, the platelets are separated, and the remaining blood is returned to the volunteer through the other arm. Even though the blood is returned to the same person through the other arm, since the blood leaves the body, wudu is still broken.
These rulings are according to the Hanafi school. In the Shafi'i school, however, donating blood does not break wudu. (See Mawardi, al-Hawi, 1/199-200; Shirbini, Mughni’l-muhtaj, 1/140)
Source: T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu
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