How is the prostration of recitation (tilawah sajdah) performed outside of prayer or during prayer?

When a person recites or hears a verse of prostration while reading the Qur’an, it is obligatory (wajib) for them to perform the prostration of recitation (tilawah sajdah). If the person who recites the verse is not in prayer, they may perform the prostration immediately after reciting the verse or at a later time (Mevsılî, el-İhtiyâr, 1/75). If someone recites a verse of prostration during prayer and does not recite more than three verses after it, and is about to go into bowing (ruku‘), they should intend the prostration of recitation and proceed to ruku‘. This ruku‘ will also count as the prostration of recitation. However, if they will recite more than three verses after the verse of prostration, they should intend the prostration of recitation, go directly into prostration, and after performing one prostration, stand up and continue reciting from where they left off (el-Fetâva’l-Hindiyye, 1/133). Although the prostration of recitation is not a prayer, the same conditions required for prayer—such as purification, facing the qiblah, making intention, and covering the private parts—are also required for the prostration of recitation. However, saying the opening takbir (iftitah takbir) is sunnah for the prostration of recitation. The person performing the prostration of recitation says “Allahu akbar” without raising their hands, goes directly into prostration, says “Subhana Rabbiyal-A‘la” three times, and then rises from prostration by saying “Allahu akbar” again. In this way, the prostration of recitation is completed. There is no sitting for the duration of tashahhud or salutation (salam) after the prostration of recitation. If someone hears a verse requiring prostration but does not have the opportunity to prostrate immediately, it is recommended (mustahabb) to say, “Sami‘na wa ata‘na ghufranaka Rabbana wa ilayka’l-masir.” The prostration that could not be performed at that moment should be performed later (Şürünbülâlî, Merâkı’l-felâh, 184).

Source: T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu