Is it a condition for the validity of Friday prayer that it be performed in a city?

Islamic scholars have stipulated that the place where Friday prayer is performed should be a city or a settlement considered equivalent to a city. This ruling is based on the hadith of the Prophet (peace be upon him) stating that Friday prayer should not be performed outside a city or a place regarded as such. (Bayhaqi, as-Sunan al-Kubra, 3/254 [5615]) In contemporary sources, this city condition should be understood as referring to any settlement, whether large or small. This is because the Prophet (peace be upon him) led the first Friday prayer during his migration from Mecca to Medina in a valley called Ranuna, where the tribe of Salim b. Awf resided. (Ibn Hisham, as-Sirah, 1/494) Furthermore, the Prophet said, “Even if there are only four people in a settlement, Friday prayer is obligatory.” (Bayhaqi, as-Sunan al-Kubra, 3/255)

Accordingly, Friday prayer performed in any settlement, whether a village, town, or city—large or small—where there is a congregation sufficient to fulfill the obligation, is valid. However, regardless of where it is performed, permission must be obtained from the religiously authorized authorities.

Source: T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu