What is talqin, how is it performed, and what is its religious ruling?

Talqin refers to reminding a dying person of the declaration of faith (kalima al-tawhid); after burial, it means reminding the deceased of the fundamentals of faith at the graveside.

The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) said, “Prompt those who are dying to say ‘la ilaha illallah’.” (Muslim, Jana’iz, 1, 2 [916, 917]). It is recommended (mustahabb) to lay a dying person on their right side facing the qibla. If the person is mentally sound and has not lost the ability to speak, the kalima al-tawhid is prompted to them. The purpose of talqin is to help the patient remember the belief in the oneness of God as they depart from this life. During talqin, it is sufficient to say the “kalima al-tawhid” and “kalima al-shahada”; the person should not be forced to say them. The Prophet (peace be upon him) also encouraged reciting Surah Yasin at the side of the dying person. (Abu Dawud, Jana’iz, 24 [3121])

Furthermore, after burial, when the crowd disperses, some scholars do not consider it legitimate for someone remaining at the graveside to remind the deceased of the fundamentals of faith. However, there are also scholars who state that this can be done at the grave of a person who died after reaching religious responsibility. (see Ibn al-Humam, Fath al-Qadir, 2/104-105; al-Fatawa al-Hindiyya, 1/157)

Source: T.C. Diyanet İşleri Başkanlığı, Din İşleri Yüksek Kurulu